Mitigation professionals such as marine mammal observers (MMO), protected species observers (PSO), marine fauna observers (MFO) and passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) operators, play a critical role not only in real-time mitigation, but in generating valuable data that can inform conservation, policy, and scientific research. When collected consistently, these data contribute to broader insights on species distribution, behavioural response, and the effectiveness of mitigation protocols.
As offshore activity expands globally, so too does the need for standardised data collection methods. Without harmonised protocols, the potential of generated data to support large-scale analyses is diminished. To address this, the Marine Mammal Observer Association (MMOA) strongly supports the development and adoption of internationally recognised standards.
The E&P Sound and Marine Life Joint Industry Programme (JIP) developed globally applicable marine mammal observation forms, now adopted by regulators such as the UK JNCC, Ireland’s NPWS, Greenland’s MLSA, and BOEM in the United States. These forms remain the most widely used tools in regions without formalised frameworks and have been continuously refined through feedback from experienced mitigation professionals and relevant stakeholders.
To ensure data integrity, standard forms must be used in tandem with suitably qualified personnel. The MMOA maintains that only professionals with demonstrable skills in marine mammal identification, acoustic interpretation, and data recording should be responsible for data collection. Our Position Statements outline minimum recommended qualifications and can be found here.
Key Principles
- Global consistency: Standardised forms enable meaningful comparisons and support evidence-based policy.
- Professional competency: Data are only as valuable as the expertise of those collecting them.
- Collaboration: Continued refinement depends on input from the MMOs using these tools in the field.
The MMOA remains committed to promoting high-quality, standardised data collection as a foundation for improved marine fauna protection worldwide.
If you have a query about data collection or the forms, please contact us here.
